First, the air oil is also the air compressor lubricating oil.
2. It can be divided into piston machine, screw machine and vane machine, centrifuge
3. Synthetic oils and mineral oils.
Fourth, synthetic oil is divided into semi-synthetic oil and fully synthetic oil.
Fifth, it is divided into carbon synthetic oil and vegetable synthetic oil.
6. Therefore, it is recommended not to use substitutes indiscriminately, and professional services are required.
Air compressor oil use
Air compressor oil use one: reduce friction and anti-wear, reduce frictional resistance to save energy, reduce wear to extend mechanical life and improve economic benefits.
The second use of air compressor oil: cooling, it is required to discharge the friction heat out of the machine at any time.
Three uses of air compressor oil: sealing, requiring anti-leakage, dust-proof, and anti-channeling gas.
Four uses of air compressor oil: clean and flush, and it is required to clean and remove the scale on the friction area.
Air compressor oil use five: anti-corrosion and anti-rust, requiring the protection of the friction surface from oil deterioration or external erosion.
Six uses of air compressor oil: kinetic energy transmission, hydraulic system and remote control motor and frictionless stepless speed change.
Seven uses of air compressor oil: stress dispersion buffer, load dispersion and mitigation of impact and shock absorption, etc.
Air compressor oil composition
1. Air compressor oil component lubricating oil base oil
Lubricating base oils are mainly divided into two categories: mineral base oils and synthetic base oils. Mineral base oils are widely used and used in a large amount, but in some applications, products formulated with synthetic base oils must be used, which has led to the rapid development of synthetic base oils.
Mineral oil base oils are refined from crude oil. Air compressor oil components The main production processes of lubricating base oil are: atmospheric and vacuum distillation, solvent deasphalting, solvent refining, solvent dewaxing, clay or hydrogenation supplementary refining.
Air compressor oil
The chemical composition of mineral base oils includes high boiling, high molecular weight hydrocarbon and non-hydrocarbon mixtures. The components of air compressor oil are generally alkanes, naphthenes, aromatic hydrocarbons, naphthenic aromatic hydrocarbons, oxygen-containing, nitrogen-containing, sulfur-containing organic compounds and non-hydrocarbon compounds such as gums and asphaltenes.
2. Air compressor oil component additives
Additives are the essence of modern advanced lubricating oils. Correct selection and reasonable addition can improve their physical and chemical properties, give new special properties to lubricating oils, or enhance certain properties of air compressor oil components to meet higher requirements.
Types of screw air compressor oil
According to the required quality and performance of lubricating oil, the key to ensure the quality of lubricating oil is the careful selection, careful balance and reasonable allocation of additives. Commonly used additives for general air compressor oil components are: viscosity index improver, pour point depressant, antioxidant, detergent and dispersant, friction moderator, oily agent, extreme pressure agent, anti-foaming agent, metal passivating agent, emulsifier , Corrosion inhibitor, rust inhibitor, demulsifier.
Classification of air compressor oil
According to the structure of the compressor, air compressor oil is divided into two types: reciprocating air compressor oil and rotary air compressor oil, each of which has three levels of light, medium and heavy load.
According to the type of base oil, air compressor oil can be divided into two categories: mineral oil compressor oil and synthetic compressor oil.
The role and main performance of air compressor oil
Air compressor oil is mainly used for the lubrication of the moving parts of the compressor cylinder and the exhaust valve, and plays the role of anti-rust, anti-corrosion, sealing and cooling.
Since the air compressor is always in the environment of high pressure, high temperature and the presence of condensed water, the air compressor oil should have excellent high temperature oxidation stability, low carbon deposition tendency, suitable viscosity and viscosity temperature performance, and good Oil-water separation, rust and corrosion resistance, etc.
Suitable compression medium for air compressor oil
The suitable compression medium for air compressor oil is air; various hydrocarbon gases (such as natural gas, petroleum gas, coke oven gas, ethylene, propylene, propane, etc.); inert gases (such as hydrogen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, argon, neon, etc.) , helium, etc.); reactive gases (such as chlorine, hydrogen chloride, nitrogen oxide, sulfur dioxide, etc.).
How to choose air compressor oil?
The type of air compressor oil is selected according to the design type of compressor oil, environmental conditions and operating load. Generally, under long-term high temperature environment (% 26gt; 30 ℃), L-DAB oil, high-speed water cooling or low-pressure, small compression Low-viscosity compressor oil can be used for compressors with higher ratio. Usually ① air-cooled piston shaft output power% 26lt; 20KW, choose No. 32, 46, 100 (ambient temperature% 26lt; -10 ℃ optional 32) DAA, DAB, DAC air compressor oil; ② water-cooled piston type choose 68 or No. 100 DAA oil; ③ No. 100, 150, 220 DAB or DAC oil for dripping rotary type; ④ No. 32 DAG, DAH or DAJ oil for fuel injection rotary type.
The current domestic air compressor oil varieties and specifications
At present, there are two types of standard reciprocating air compressor oil in China, L-DAA and L-DAB, the specification standard is GB12691-90, and the viscosity grades are divided into five grades: 32, 46, 68, 100 and 150. The standard rotary air compressor oil is L-DAG light-load oil injection rotary air compressor oil, the specification standard is GB5904-86, and the viscosity grades are 15, 22, 32, 46, 69, 100, and six grades; The standard of L-DAH rotary (screw) air compressor oil is the enterprise standard, with four grades of 32, 46, 32A and 46A. DAH oil is a new type of high-quality screw air compressor oil prepared from hydrogenated base oil. Excellent thermal oxidation stability and low carbon deposition tendency, of which 32A and 46A are anti-wear types.
Air compressor oil ingredient additives
Additives are the essence of modern advanced lubricating oils. Correct selection and reasonable addition can improve their physical and chemical properties, impart new special properties to lubricating oils, or enhance certain properties of air compressor oil components to meet higher requirements. According to the required quality and performance of lubricating oil, the key to ensure the quality of lubricating oil is the careful selection, careful balance and reasonable allocation of additives. Commonly used additives for general air compressor oil components are: viscosity index improver, pour point depressant, antioxidant, detergent and dispersant, friction moderator, oily agent, extreme pressure agent, anti-foaming agent, metal passivating agent, emulsifier , Corrosion inhibitor, rust inhibitor, demulsifier.
Air compressor oil performance requirements
1. High quality base oil
The base oil of compressor oil can be divided into two categories: mineral oil type and synthetic oil type. The production of mineral oil type compressor oil is generally made by solvent refining, solvent dewaxing, hydrogenation or supplementary refining of clay to obtain base oil, and then adding a variety of additives to blend.
The base oil of compressor oil generally accounts for more than 95% of the refined oil, so the quality of the base oil is directly related to the quality level of the refined oil of the compressor oil, and the quality of the base oil is directly related to its refining depth. The base oil with deep refining depth has less heavy aromatics and gum content. The lower the residual carbon, the better the susceptibility of the antioxidant, the higher the quality of the base oil, the less tendency to deposit carbon in the compressor system, the better the oil-water separation, and the longer the service life.
Synthetic oil type base oil is a lubricating oil made of organic liquid base oil obtained by chemical synthesis and then blended or added with various additives. Most of its base oils are polymers or high molecular organic compounds. There are many types of synthetic oils. The synthetic oils used as compressor oils mainly include synthetic hydrocarbons (polyα-olefins), organic esters (diesters), polyalkylene glycols, fluorosilicone oils and phosphate esters. The price of synthetic oil-based compressor oil is much more expensive than that of mineral oil-based compressor oil, but the comprehensive economic benefits of synthetic oil still exceed that of ordinary mineral oil. It has oxidation stability, low carbon deposition tendency, can be lubricated beyond the temperature range of ordinary mineral oil, and has a long service life, which can meet the application requirements that ordinary mineral oil type compressor oil cannot bear.
2. Narrow base oil fractions
The working condition of compressor oil is studied and it is concluded that improving the composition of base oil is the key factor to improve the quality of compressor oil. After the compressor oil prepared from the light and heavy components is injected into the compressor cylinder, the light components leave the working part in advance due to their high volatility and affect the lubricating effect, while the heavy components are volatile due to poor volatility. Do not leave the work site quickly after the work task, and it is easy to form carbon deposits under the action of heat and oxygen for a long time. Therefore, under such conditions, the lubricating oil should be a narrow-cut component oil, and a component oil mixed with multiple fractions should not be used.
No. 19 compressor oil is prepared with wide distillate oil containing a large amount of residual components, and the compressor has a large amount of carbon deposits during use. Therefore, in order to improve the quality of the compressor oil, the residual components in the No. 19 compressor oil should be removed, and the narrow-cut base oil should be selected.
3. The viscosity should be appropriate
Under the condition of dynamic lubrication, the thickness of the oil film increases with the increase of the viscosity of the oil, but the friction force also increases with the increase of the viscosity of the oil. The lubricating oil with too low viscosity is not easy to form a strong enough oil film, which will accelerate the wear and shorten the service life of the parts. On the contrary, if the viscosity of the lubricating oil is too high, it will increase the internal friction force, which will increase the specific power of the compressor, so as to increase the power consumption and fuel consumption. deposits are formed. Therefore, choosing the right viscosity is the primary issue in the correct selection of compressor oil. Xi'an Jiaotong University has proved through experiments that using the same test conditions on the same type of compressor, the use of oil with lower viscosity grades can reduce the specific power of the compressor by at most about 10% compared with the use of oil with high viscosity grades. There was no significant difference in the amount of wear. Therefore, under the premise of ensuring lubrication, the selection of oil products with suitable viscosity grades has a very important impact on energy saving and reliable operation of the compressor.